Relative Clause vs Subordinate Clause Key Differences Explained
A Relative Clause adds detail about a noun and usually starts with “who,” “which,” or “that.” A Subordinate Clause adds extra information to a whole sentence and begins with words like “because,” “although,” or “if.”
People confuse them because both are chunks of words that can’t stand alone. The mix-up happens when deciding which word opens the clause: “who/that” feels like extra info, while “because/if” feels like background context.
Key Differences
Relative Clause: modifies a noun and can be restrictive or non-restrictive. Subordinate Clause: modifies the whole sentence and shows reason, time, or condition.
Which One Should You Choose?
If you’re describing a person or thing, pick a Relative Clause. If you’re explaining why, when, or how something happens, use a Subordinate Clause.
Examples and Daily Life
Relative: “The friend who called me is here.” Subordinate: “I left early because I was tired.” Both add depth, but each serves a different purpose in everyday speech and writing.
Can a clause start with “that” and still be subordinate?
Yes, “that” can open a subordinate clause, but it’s usually a noun clause, not a relative one.
Is “which” only for relative clauses?
Mostly, but “which” can appear in some subordinate clauses when acting as a question word.
Can I drop “that” in speech?
In informal speech, you often omit “that” in relative clauses, but keep it in subordinate clauses for clarity.